Various Kinds of Computer Operating Systems

Various kinds of Computer Operating Systems - This time Abdhiroid Will share more about the operating system is kind of her breed spesifikanya because many peer to peer abdhiroid still difficult to distinguish which is which operating system and application software, and therefore this post we publishIn general, the Operating System is the software on the first layer is placed on the computer's memory when the computer starts. While other software is executed after running the Operating System and Operating System will perform the core public service for the software. Common core services such as access to the disk, memory management, task scheduling, and user interface. So that each software no longer have a common core tasks, because it can be served and carried out by the Operating System. Section of code that perform the core duties and the public called the "kernel" an Operating System.Operating systems generally consist of several parts:1.Mekanisme Boot, which put the kernel into memory kernel, the kernel can be considered as the core of the Operating System.2.Command Interpreter or Shell, responsible for reading the input in the form of commands and provide some standard functions and basic functions that can be called by applications / programs maupub other software. Shell is an example of: Command Prompt in Windows XP (DOS in Windows 98), XTerm and Konsole on Linux machine (Unix).3.Driver to interact with the hardware while controlling the performance of hardware.4.Resource Allocator. Operating system is responsible for managing and allocating resources of the device.5.Handler. Handler plays a role in controlling the system to avoid the mistake (error) and the use of unnecessary resources.Now we will consider the history and development of the Operating System.According Tanebaum, Operating System had been developed which can be divided into 4 generations.Early 1.GenerasiEarly development of Operating Systems is still done manually in the sense not appear any Operating System that automatically means the service does not yet support the work that can be done in 1 series.Both 2.GenerasiIn this generation has been the introduction perkejaan to do in the first series or referred to Proccessing Batch System.Third 3.GenerasiIn the third generation, operating system already supports the Multi-User, Multi-Programming and Proccessing Batch System (Multi-Task).Fourth 4.GenerasiIn this period, has been permitted to GUI (Graphical User Interface) which means the operating system has to capitalize display and mouse, End-users can run applications / porgram or software.Furthermore 5.GenerasiIn the next generation Operating System was introduced in an Operating System, this is an example of an Operating System berbasikan Websites that work inside an Operating System. And next-generation mobile operating system was introduced (Mobile) on mobile devices such as PDAs, Pocket PCs, and so forth. In the next generation Operating System technology is also introduced that its virtual network, so the network is only installed 1 1 pc Operating System on the device assigned to a server. In addition, also introduced Cross Platform Operating System that means can combine 2 different Operating Systems such as Linux and Windows.Today, almost all people have a PC and Mobile PC. Due to the price factor that is always changing and the human need for automated tools such as: PC, then people make the PC as the main requirement. Along with the development of PC technology was created to be used as a quick tool automation that moves (Can be used anytime, anywhere and by anyone). Examples are moving PC: Laptop, Notebook and netbook, the device also has a third operating system like a PC. And now it's time we discussed Operating System on your PC.- WINDOWS (MICROSOFT WINDOWS)

Mircorost Windows or ordinary we are greeted with the title Windows Operating System developed by Microsoft Corporation that uses the interface with berbasikan GUI (Graphical User Interface) or bergrafis interface.Windows initially originated from Ms-Dos (Microsoft Disk Operating System) is a text-based Operating System and Command-Line interpreter. The first version of Windows, Windows Graphic Environmnet 1.0 is a software that works on 16-Bit Arsitekstur and not an Operating System and runs on MS-DOS, so the need to run MS-DOS. MS-DOS was actually made by a computer manufacturer Seattle Computer Products, and then later recruited by Microsoft which then purchased the license.Later evolved into the first version of Windows 1.0 Operating System in the world Operating System based GUI (Graphical User Interface) and supports Multi-Tasking or can manage numerous tasks simultaneously. After developing the Windows 1.0 to Windows 2.0, Windows 2.0-based GUI and supports the use of VGA (Video GraphicsArray) and also supports Multi-Tasking. Windows 2.0 also supports the use of the Intel 80286 Processor Processor Intel 80286 which is the first processor with the ability to protect memory areas.Then proceed with next-generation Windows 3.0 Windows 3.0 which has the same ability with previous Windows and added support SVGA or XGA graphics card and also a better icon. In that era, Microsoft also provides SDK (Software Development Kits) so that software developers can develop applications / programs that can run on Windows 3.0 was. Windows 3.0 also introduced the Virtual Device Driver (VxD) which can be useful to minimize dependence on any specific hardware drivers. Windows 3.0 and then evolved into Windows 3.1 that was introduced with Multimedia features and True Type Fonts but it also facilitates the End-User for the Drag and Drop feature of Windows versions 3 and finally evolved into Operating System already know networking (Windows 3.11).After finally grown long enough Operating System Microsoft introduced hybrid 16-Bit/32-Bit known as Windows 95. Many changes from previous versions of Windows, namely Windows 95 has a GUI that is more interesting and attractive, supports Plug and Play, supports long names, has several amenities such as: integrated browser and Windows Explorer to browse Windows. In addition, Windows 95 has the features to manage the power (APM) and also the introduction of the Client-Server.The next generation of Windows 95 is a Windows 98 Windows 98 which supports VGA AGP-based, as well as supporting your storage media such as USB, the introduction of NAT for sharing an Internet connection and replaces the Virtual Device Drivers with the Windows Driver Model. There are also some additional features such as Microsoft Office applications and Internet Explorer version 5. Windows 98 also has the ability-the ability to play games and run multimedia applications.The next development was Windows ME, nothing special apart from Windows ME graphics support transition from 16-Bit to 32-Bit and Windows ME era had a lot of home users that use it. Windows ME was akhrinya replaced by Windows NT that supports Arsitekstur x86 (80 × 86), Intel IA64 and AMD64 (x64) and 32-Bit graphics support. Windows NT is actually built on the development of the IBM OS / 2 and Windows NT are also widely used in computer networks. Windows NT File System NTFS also introduces better than FAT or FAT-32.Further developing Windows NT to Windows 2000 many additional features including: Active Directory, Image Preview, Browser Internet Explorer v6, DirectX and Open GL, Plug and Play and Windows Driver Model better performance than before. After generations of Windows NT comes the Windows XP that offers a lot of changes, has many more features and performance mengingkat. Windows XP can be said is the best-selling Windows and loved by the users PC and mobile PC devices (Mobile). Along with the need for networking then Microsoft Operating Systems Corporation issued concentrate on the network, ie: Windows Server 2003. You could say Windows Server 2003 is the reincarnation of Windows NT.Lots of features offered in Windows Server 2003 is one of them is the introduction of the platform. Net. Introduced also features Domain Controller Server, PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) Server, Domain Name System (DNS), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), Windows Internet Name Service (WINS), Microsoft IIS, and so forth. Microsoft is continuing the development of Operating Systems with Windows Vista (Longhorn), this is a revolution of Windows XP. Windows Vista prefer the graphical interface or the appearance of the interface compared with the performance, evidenced by the features: AERO, Sidebar, and so forth.Windows Vista also offers a better level of security compared to Windows XP, because Windows Vista introduced the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security, Windows Defender, Parental Control, User Account Control (UAC), BitLocker Drive Encryption, ASLR. Windows Vista also are familiar with IPv6, the latest version of DirectX, and Arsitekstur 64-Bit. The next development was the transition from Windows Server 2003 to Windows Home Server is intended as a File Server for home. Windows Server also introduces several technologies, namely: Headless Operation (Server does not need a monitor or keyboard for Manging device), remote control, health monitoring computers, Sharing and Streaming.The next generation is characterized by the emergence of incorporation Operating System Windows Vista with Windows Server, the Windows Server 2008. Features of Windows Vista and Windows Server combined into a single coherent to improve safety and comfort of the End-User. Further developing Windows Server 2008 to Windows Server 2008 R2. The latest version of Windows Operating System is Windows 7 made, Windows 7 was released to replace the deficient Windows XP and Windows Vista excess. Arguably if Windows 7 is the fusion of Windows XP and Windows Vista, unlike Windows Vista, Windows 7 has better performance than Windows Vista.- UNIX

UNIX is an operating system created by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie, developed by AT & T Bell Labs. UNIX is designed as a portable Operating System, Multi-Tasking and Multi-User. UNIX Operating System emphasizes self on Workstation and Server, Because of the high availability and compatibility causes UNIX can be used, copied and modified so that UNIX was developed by many people and cause a lot of variants of UNIX.

UNIX itself is written in C language so that UNIX was similar to the DOS Line / Text Command Based otherwise it was a UNIX Operating System secure than other operating systems, because every file, directory, user and group has their own set of permissions to be accessed. Because of the support of the GNU Project, we then developed into LINUX UNIX (One variant of UNIX).

- LINUX

Originally developed by Linus Torvalds, who initially required a terminal emulation to access the UNIX server in the university was. Linux is a clone of MINIX (One variant of UNIX), system equipment and libraries usually come from the GNU Operating System. Linux has a lot of design that comes from the basic design of UNIX, Linux Kernel Monilitik using the Linux kernel that handles prosses control, networking, peripherals, and file system access. Just like UNIX, Linuxpun can be controlled by one or more command-line interface (Command Line Interface / CLI) text-based, graphical user interface (Graphical User Interface / GUI) which is the default configuration for dektop version.On the computer desktop, GNOME, KDE and Xfce are the most popular user interface user interface among other variants. A Linux system provides a command line interface via a shell (Konsole). The main difference between Linux and other Operating Systems Popular lies in the Linux kernel and its components are free and open. Just like on UNIX, Linux Workstation and Server concentrates on many workstations and servers that rely on Linux because Linux is very stable to use for a long time and Linuxpun immune to malware.One thing that distinguishes other Linux Operating System is the price. Linux is mostly Internet price although some are paid (License). Linux can be distributed without having to give royalty to someone. Linux Operating System is based on the POSIX standard that was itself derived from UNIX. There are several various Linux distributions, such as Debian, Lycoris, Xandros, Lindows, Linare, Linux-Mandrake, Red Hat Linux, Slackware, Knoppix, Fedora, Suse, Ubuntu.- IBM OS / 2

 
Operating system IBM OS / 2 was made jointly by the International Bussiness Machines Corporation and Microsoft Corporation, for use on IBM computers instead of DOS Operating System. Said OS / 2 stands for Operating System / 2, Operating System is designed to be able to use the full capabilities of the Intel 80286 microprocessor, including the Protected Mode (Protected Mode), able to perform simultaneous tasks, and support for Virtual Memory, by maintaining compatibility with many MS-DOS software in circulation at that time,- MAC OS (MACINTOSH OPERATING SYSTEM)MAC OS or Macintosh Operating System is Operating System created by Apple Computer specifically for Macintosh computers and is not compatible with IBM-based computers. MAC OS is the first operating system that uses a graphical user interface (Graphical User Interface / GUI). Macintosh Operating System is divided into 2 types:


1.MAC OS ClassicDoes not have any Command Line (Command Line), using the User Interface (UI) completely and use Cooperative Multitasking2.MAC OS XMAC OS X include elements of BSD Unix, One Step, and MAC OS X has a Unix-style memory and pre-emptive multitasking.Excess MAC OS:1.Stabil, because using UNIX.2.Multitasking.3.Tampilan (UI) is very good.4.Aman of Malware.MAC OS X is a line of computer operating system developed, marketed by Apple Inc., MAC OS X is the successor of the MAC OS (Classic). MAC OS X is built on XNU kernel, with standard Unix facilities available from the command line interface.- FREE BSD

FreeBSD is a free Unix-type operating system derived from UNIX AT & T. FreeBSD running on Intel x86 systems. FreeBSD itself first appeared in 1993 by David Greenman. The goal of FreeBSD is to provide software that can be used for various purposes. FreeBSD itself developed from a project development 386BSD BSD OS that runs on Intel chips.-SOLARIS

  

Solaris Operating System is an operating system based on UNIX system that allowed by Sun Microsystems in 1992 as a supporter oada SunOS. Solaris is famous because of its stability, especially on SPARC systems (Scalable Processor Architecture), Solaris UNIX Specification although certified in early development based on private property, and most of the code is essentially now an OpenSource Software which is commonly known as OpenSolaris. OpenSolaris is the OpenSource version of Sun Solaris Operating System, but Sun Solaris consists of over some code that is not only the core of the operating system such as: Source for Installer, Desktop, Software.Open Solaris has many features that make OpenSolaris can be used for large-scale use of the use of a desktop or mobile PC pC. The concept of Open Solaris is as follows:1.Free Redistribution: Distributed freely.2.Source Code: Source (Source) must be available for all distributions.3.Derived Works: Every person can change the code and mendisrtibusikan back.4.No Discrimination: Code must be provided for a person to dikembagkan.OpenSolaris several advantages compared to other Operating Systems:1.ZFS: System Rstore.2.DTrace L: Can observe that many applications use time and how long.3.Manajemen Failure: Prevent, diagnose and fix the error.4.Zona: Implementing an Operating System abstraction allows multiple applications to run in isolation from one another on the same physical hardware.5.Multimedia.- Chrome OS

Chrome OS is Google's operating system is lightweight and Linux-based and web standards for personal computer PC. Google Chrome works with Windowing method or switching (multi-tasking). Google Chrome OS using HTML 5 web standard, which is the development of browser-based software in the Operating System. If the see-saw, Chrome OS is a combination of Linux and Windows Vista. Chrome OS was released in mid-2010.There are so many different kind of computer operating system that continues to evolve, No Operating System perfect for each operating system has its own characteristics and power.But from Abdhiroid Highly Recommend Using Operating Systems legal or much better use open source or freeware operating system

 

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